Ukusukela nge-3 kaJulayi, i-European "Plastic Limite Order" yaseYurophu iphunyezwa ngokusemthethweni!

Ngomhla wama-24 ku-Okthobha, i-2018, iPalamente yaseYurophu yapasisa isindululo esibanzi sokuvalwa kokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kunye nenani elikhulu leevoti eStrasbourg, eFransi.Ngo-2021, i-EU iya kuvimbela ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki ezilahlayo kunye nezinye iindlela, ezifana neeplastiki zeplastiki, ii-earplugs ezilahlayo, iipleyiti zokutya, njl.Imigaqo iqinisekisa ukuba esi sithintelo singasentla siyaphunyezwa kweli lizwe.Amajelo eendaba aseYurophu ayibiza ngokuba "yeyona mithetho ingqongqo kwimbali."Iiteyiphu yokupakisha enokubolaiya kuba lukhetho oluhle lokupakisha.

Imvelaphi ye“iplastiki umda umyalelo”

Kwiminyaka engama-50 edlulileyo, imveliso yeplastiki yehlabathi jikelele kunye nokusetyenziswa kuye kwanda ngamaxesha angaphezu kwama-20, ukusuka kwi-15 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-1964 ukuya kwi-311 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2014, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kuphinda kabini kwakhona kwiminyaka engama-20 ezayo.

IYurophu ivelisa malunga ne-25.8 yezigidi zeetoni zenkunkuma yeplastiki minyaka le, ngaphantsi kwe-30% kuphela yenkunkuma yeplastiki iya kuphinda isetyenziswe, kwaye inkunkuma eseleyo yeplastiki iqokelelana kwindawo esihlala kuyo ngakumbi nangakumbi.

Impembelelo yenkunkuma yeplastiki kwimeko yendalo yaseYurophu, ingakumbi izinto ezilahlwayo (ezifana neengxowa, izitro, iikomityi zekofu, iibhotile zesiselo kunye nobuninzi bokupakishwa kokutya) zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe.Ngo-2015, i-59% yemithombo yenkunkuma yeplastiki ye-EU yavela kwipakethe (njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi.↓).

Ngaphambi kwe-2015, amazwe angamalungu e-EU asebenzisa ngaphezu kwe-100 yeebhiliyoni zeengxowa zeplastiki ngonyaka, apho i-8 yezigidigidi ezilahliweyo iingxowa zeplastiki zaphoswa elwandle.

Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwe-EU, ngo-2030, umonakalo obangelwa yinkunkuma yeplastiki kwindawo yaseYurophu unokufikelela kwi-22 billion euro.I-EU kufuneka yamkele iindlela ezisemthethweni zokulawula ukungcoliseka kokusingqongileyo kweemveliso zeplastiki.

Ekuqaleni kwe-2018, i-European Union ikhuphe isiphakamiso "sokuvalwa kweplastiki", kwaye sihlaziywe kwiminyaka elandelayo.Ekugqibeleni yachaza ukuba ukususela nge-3 kaJulayi 2021, ukuveliswa, ukuthengwa kunye nokungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuzo zonke iikhadibhodi ezikhethiweyo kunye nezinye izinto ezizezinye ziya kuvalwa ngokupheleleyo.Iimveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo eziveliswayo ziquka iitafile zeplastiki, iindiza, iinduku zebhaluni, iiswabs zomqhaphu, kunye neengxowa kunye nopakisho lwangaphandle olwenziwe ngeplastiki enokubola.

Emva kokuphunyezwa kwesithintelo, izitro zeplastiki, i-tableware, i-cotton swabs, izitya, i-stirrers kunye ne-balloon stick, kunye neengxowa zokupakisha ze-polystyrene zonke zifakwe kuluhlu olumnyama.Ukongeza, zonke iintlobo zeengxowa zeplastiki ezinokonakala nge-oxidative nazo azivumelekanga ukuba zisetyenziswe.Iimveliso ezinjalo ngaphambili bezijongwa njengento eyonakalisayo ekuthengiseni, kodwa iinyani ziye zangqina ukuba iincinci ze-microplastic eziveliswa ngokubola kwezi ngxowa zeplastiki ziya kuhlala zisesingqongileyo ixesha elide.

Iimveliso zefayibha, iimveliso ze-bamboo kunye nezinye izinto ezinokubola zithabathe indawo yeemveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo.Kangangexesha elithile, kukho isixa esikhulu senkunkuma yeplastiki kunxweme lwamazwe amaninzi kwiManyano yaseYurophu.Idatha ibonisa ukuba i-85% yemimandla yonxweme ye-EU inenkunkuma engama-20 ubuncinane kwi-100 yeemitha zonxweme.Ukuvalwa okukhutshwe yi-EU kufuna ukuba iinkampani zeemveliso zeplastiki zihlawulele indawo ecocekileyo kunye nomsebenzi wokukhuthaza ukukhuselwa kwendalo, kwaye injongo ye-EU kukuqonda ukuba zonke iimveliso zeplastiki zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona ngo-2030.

Intshayelelo yeteyiphu yokupakisha yeBiodegradable:

Iteyiphu yokupakisha enokubola

Iimpawu zale tape yokupakisha enokubola:

• Ukumelana nobushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-220 ℃, ingxolo ephantsi
• Kulula ukukrazula, ukomelela okuqinileyo
• I-Anti-static, ukwandiswa okunamandla, ukunyanzeliswa komoya okulungileyo
• Iyabhaleka, iyabola, iphinde isetyenziswe

Abathengisi abathumela iimveliso kumazwe e-EU kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kula manqaku alandelayo:

1. Ngenxa yokuvalwa kweplastiki yaseYurophu, ezi mveliso zeplastiki zisetyenziswa kanye kuphela zisenokungacinywa ukususela nge-3 kaJulayi 2021:

• I-cotton swabs, i-tableware (iifolokhwe, iimela, amacephe, izinti), izitya, iindiza, isiselo esishukumisayo.
• Intonga esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kunye nokuxhasa iibhaluni, ngaphandle kweebhaluni zamashishini okanye ezinye iingcali ezingasasazwanga kubathengi.
• Izikhongozeli zokutya ezenziwe ngepolystyrene eyandisiweyo, oko kukuthi, iibhokisi kunye nezinye izitya, kubandakanywa nezo zineziciko nezingenazo.
• Izikhongozeli zokusela kunye neekomityi zesiselo ezenziwe nge-polystyrene eyandisiweyo (eyaziwa ngokuba yi "styrofoam"), kubandakanywa nezivalo.

2. Ukongeza ekuthinteleni ukuthengiswa "kweemveliso zeplastiki ezilahlayo" ezidweliswe ngasentla, i-EU Plastic Restriction Order ifuna ukuba amazwe angamalungu aqulunqe imithetho nemimiselo efanelekileyo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezi "mveliso zeplastiki ezilahlayo" zilandelayo: Sela iikomityi (kubandakanywa iziciko);izitya zokutya, ezizezi, iibhokisi kunye nezinye izikhongozeli, kubandakanywa neziciko nezingenaziciko.

3. Ukongezelela, abathengisi "beeplastiki ezilahlayo" ezithengiswa kwimarike kufuneka babe neleyibhile ye-EU edibeneyo, kwaye babonise ngokucacileyo oku kulandelayo kubathengi: indlela yokulahla inkunkuma ehambelana nenqanaba lenkunkuma yemveliso;ikhuthaza ubukho beplastiki kwimveliso, kwaye i-Random Disposal ingaba nemiphumo emibi kwindalo.Iimveliso ezifuna ukubhalwa ngokufanayo kunye neelebhile ezihambelanayo

Uza kuba nayiphi impembelelo umyalelo wothintelo lweplastiki kubathengisi?

Isithintelo sijolise ikakhulu kubavelisi kunye nabasasazi beemveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo, abathengisi beemveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo, ukutya (izinto ezithathwayo kunye nokuhanjiswa), abavelisi bezixhobo zokuloba, abavelisi kunye nabasasazi beplastiki ezonakaliswa yi-oxidatively, kunye nabathengisi beplastiki.

Abathengisi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kwinto yokuba iimpahla ezithunyelwa kumazwe angama-27 e-EU aziqulathanga iimveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo.Kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa eYurophu, abathengisi bazama ukungasebenzisi iingxowa zeplastiki ezilahlwayo ukupakisha iimpahla, kwaye basebenzise ukupakishwa kwe-biodegradable kunye ne-recyclable kangangoko banako.